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Mobile IP Technologies

Mobile IP_091123A
[Mobile IP - GeeksforGeeks]

 

- Overview

An interesting aspect of the network that has been developed is the Mobile Internet Protocol (Mobile IP). This protocol is a protocol built on top of existing Internet protocols. In order to fully understand Mobile Internet Protocol, we must understand what Mobile IP is, how the protocol works, and why it is useful in our modern society. and some problems that may be discovered.

Mobile IP is an Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard communications protocol that is designed to allow mobile device users to move from one network to another while maintaining a permanent IP address. 

Mobile IP for IPv4 is described in IETF RFC 5944, and extensions are defined in IETF RFC 4721. Mobile IPv6, the IP mobility implementation for the next generation of the Internet Protocol, IPv6, is described in RFC 6275.

 

- Mobile IP Technologies

Mobile IP allows location-independent routing of IP datagrams over the Internet. Each mobile node is identified by its home address, regardless of its current location in the Internet. 
 
When a mobile node is away from its home network, it is associated with a care-of address that identifies its current location, and its home address is associated with the local endpoint of the tunnel to its home agent. 
 
Mobile IP specifies how a mobile node registers with its home agent and how the home agent routes datagrams to the mobile node through the tunnel.
  • A mobile node (MN) is a handheld communication device carried by a user, such as a mobile phone.
  • The home network is the network to which the mobile node initially belongs based on its assigned IP address (home address).
  • Home agent (HA) is the router in the home network to which the mobile node initially connects
  • A home address is a permanent IP address assigned to a mobile node (within its home network).
  • A foreign network is the current network that a mobile node is visiting (away from its home network).
  • A foreign agent (FA) is a router in the foreign network to which the mobile node is currently connected. Packets from the home agent are sent to the foreign agent, which delivers them to the mobile node.
  • A communication node (CN) is a device on the Internet that communicates with mobile nodes.
  • A care-of address (COA) is a temporary address used by a mobile node when it leaves its home network.
  • External agent COA, COA can be located at FA, that is, COA is the IP address of FA. FA is the tunnel endpoint and forwards packets to the MN. Many MNs using FA can share this COA as a public COA.
  • Co-located COA,A COA is co-located if the MN temporarily acquires an,additional IP address as the COA. The address is now topologically correct and the tunnel endpoint is at the MN. You can obtain a co-located address using a service such as DHCP.

 

- Applications

In many applications (e.g., VPN, VoIP), sudden changes in network connectivity and IP address can cause problems. Mobile IP was designed to support seamless and continuous Internet connectivity. 

Mobile IP is most often found in wired and wireless environments where users need to carry their mobile devices across multiple LAN subnets. Examples of use are in roaming between overlapping wireless systems, e.g., IP over DVB, WLAN, WiMAX and BWA. 

Mobile IP is not required within cellular systems such as 3G, to provide transparency when Internet users migrate between cellular towers, since these systems provide their own data link layer handover and roaming mechanisms. However, it is often used in 3G systems to allow seamless IP mobility between different packet data serving node (PDSN) domains.

 

  

[More to come ...]

 

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